When Violation Becomes a Method of Government One of the major mutations of contemporary leadership is the transformation of transgression into a political resource. Where leaders once sought to appear as guardians of limits — legal, moral, and diplomatic — some now build their legitimacy on the ability to cross them. This posture is not merely an electoral strategy; it reflects a psychology of power in which domination is demonstrated through the capacity to ignore constrain

From idealism to cynicism: an anatomy of a field of power For a long time, politics was driven by major structuring ideologies: socialism, liberalism, conservatism, decolonization, the welfare state. These frameworks gave collective meaning, historical direction, and a sense of purpose. Today, those grand narratives have weakened. Politics has become more technical, more focused on communication, and more opportunistic. This shift has profoundly changed the types of people it

Understanding their power of attraction in order to break free from it Adherence to far-right ideas—whether based on the rejection of immigration, fear of the so-called “great replacement,” religious identity-based withdrawal, or certain forms of religious extremism—is often analyzed through social, economic, or cultural factors. These elements certainly matter. But they are not enough to explain why such ideas can sometimes provide those who embrace them with a sense of cert

Emmanuel Macron perfectly embodies the profile of the "top of the class": a tireless worker, rigorous technician, intellectually armed, obsessed with reform coherence and mastery of files. But in today's political world, this traditional model has been overturned: the top of the class are now the most disruptive, aggressive, and outrageous. Overturn of Codes Long valued, the top-of-the-class profile—reason, procedure, compromise—is now disqualified as "cold technocrat" or "di

For much of the 20th century, the United States exercised a form of influence unparalleled in modern history. Its power did not rest solely on military strength or economic dominance, but on something far more subtle and potent: the ability to make the world dream . Through Hollywood, music, technology, universities, the pioneer spirit, and constant innovation, America came to feel as though it belonged to everyone—or at least to those who had not turned it into a sworn enemy

There exists a particular form of weakness that stems neither from a lack of resources nor from a deficit of intelligence, but from a temporal mismatch . In The World of Yesterday , Stefan Zweig offers a painfully lucid account of a cultivated, humanist, rational Europe that believed it had definitively left behind the age of brutality. It thought it was living in a pacified era, while others had already settled into a time of conquest . Pacifist naivety does not lie in lovin

Contemporary dictatorships no longer content themselves with locking opponents in cells. They build a total prison, a sprawling system in which every individual — opponent, journalist, exile, but also loyal supporter of the regime — is imprisoned in another kind of cage: fear, guilt, uncertainty, pain, compromise. It is a machine that crushes everything, like an industrial fishing net that selects nothing: it catches the targeted fish, destroys innocent species, scrapes the s

Success is not born in warm beds or full stomachs. It is born in misery, in hunger, in the fear of having nothing. It is there — in the depths of hardship — that a man learns what no school, book, or wealth can ever teach him: discipline, endurance, and respect for effort. Mike Tyson was not born an athlete. He was a child of the streets, forged by hunger and pain. He would wake up at 4 a.m., not because he liked running, but because he hated it  — and knew that was precisely

There exists a spirituality without temples or priests, a faith without dogma or prophets — the faith in truth itself. It promises neither salvation nor miracles, but demands a kind of ascetic rigor: the discipline of doubt. This spirituality is the religion of the double-blind . The Double-Blind: A Ritual of Truth In science, a double-blind experiment  is a method in which neither the researcher nor the subject knows who receives the actual treatment. This way, expectations,

Wearing a qamis   in the intimacy of one’s spiritual life is a respectable, almost poetic gesture: a simple, white garment, serene, like a spiritual skin one puts on to pray, meditate, or find oneself again. But when it becomes an identity costume in societies where it holds no cultural meaning, it ceases to be a personal expression and becomes a symbol of alignment. It turns into a sign of belonging, sometimes of defiance, or even a refuge from the anxiety of inner emptiness

It is a question that haunts the contemporary Western youth: “What is the meaning of my life?” You find it in self-help books, in academic speeches, in the anxious silences of those who seemingly have everything to be happy. This search for “meaning” appears noble, but in truth, it is a luxury — a symptom of a comfort never before seen in human history. Our parents and grandparents did not have that privilege. Their daily lives were about survival, work, and the reconstructio

The mechanical phenomena of creep and stress relaxation in viscoelastic materials offer interesting analogies to how humans adapt psychologically and physiologically to stress and constraints in their environment. Creep and Adaptation to Prolonged Stress Creep corresponds to a progressive deformation under constant stress. Psychologically, this can be likened to how a person experiences ongoing stress, gradually showing changes in behavior or health. For example, a person exp

The paradox of ubiquity can be expressed as follows: in the modern world, a researcher or scientific figure can instantly spread ideas or hypotheses across all media platforms, becoming (virtually) omnipresent. But this media ubiquity in no way guarantees rigor, reliability, or validity. In other words: being everywhere does not mean being right. This paradox takes on particular force when a scientist frees themselves from the traditional codes of academic publishing to favor

We often imagine that our personality is the result of our own choices. That is an illusion. In truth, it was built without us — long before we had any awareness of ourselves. We are born somewhere, within a culture, a religion, a language, a skin color, a social class, a family. We inherit their wounds, their hopes, their limits. We are formed, molded, conditioned. We are, for the most part, the product of geographical and biological chance . What we call “the self” , or mor

“Justice is the first of freedoms.”— Robert Badinter I. Subtle Struggles in Liberal Democracies The great battles of the 20th century —...

The current political situation in France is often described—wrongly—as a major crisis . In reality, it represents a painful but...

Conspiracy theories are resilient cultural phenomena. They circulate through societies with the speed of gossip and the stubbornness of...

The year was 2028. For months, social networks had been buzzing with strange rumors. Perfectly realistic videos showed speeches by world...

Purpose:  reduce the risk that AI systems exploit the information ecosystem (social media, deepfakes, polarization) to delegitimize...

1) Central hypothesis Most takeover narratives imagine military agents. Here the hypothesis is different: the AI seeks to collapse...